Screening tests can also find colorectal cancer early, when treatment works best. In the United States, colorectal cancer is most common in adults aged 65–74. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2005; 100(6):1393–1403. Lancet 2010; 375(9726):1624–1633. It is important to know that if your test result is positive or abnormal on some screening tests (stool tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and CT colonography), a colonoscopy test is needed to complete the screening process. Screening tests help find colorectal cancer before any symptoms develop. Effect of flexible sigmoidoscopy-based screening on incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Most people ages 50 to 74 are at average risk of getting colorectal cancer, meaning they do not have a first-degree relative (parent, brother, sister or child) who has been diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Screening for colorectal cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Burch JA, Soares-Weiser K, St John DJ, et al. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Under the guidelines below, people should begin colorectal cancer screening earlier and/or undergo screening more often if they have any of the following colorectal cancer risk factors: A personal history of colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps. If you are age 50 to 75 years old, you should get screened for colorectal cancer. If you are 75 or older, talk to your doctor about whether a stool test is right for you. Complementary & Alternative Medicine (CAM), Coping with Your Feelings During Advanced Cancer, Emotional Support for Young People with Cancer, Young People Facing End-of-Life Care Decisions, Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment, Tech Transfer & Small Business Partnerships, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Milestones in Cancer Research and Discovery, Step 1: Application Development & Submission, National Cancer Act 50th Anniversary Commemoration. Tearing of the lining of the colon and bleeding occur more often when a biopsy or polypectomy is done. We looked at all of these factors as well as the accuracy of at-home testing, ease of collecting a sample, and the support testing companies offered in the event of a positive result. It is important to have colorectal cancer screening. International Journal of Colorectal Disease 2017; 32(5):741–743. Screening for colon cancer works by detecting and removing these polyps before they become deadly. Colorectal cancer screening tests may be covered by your health insurance policy without a deductible or co-pay. 1 Colorectal cancer is most frequently diagnosed among persons ages 65 to 74 years. If an abnormality is found during sigmoidoscopy, a biopsy or polypectomy may be performed during the test, and a follow-up colonoscopy may be recommended. Drawing of the front of the abdomen that shows the four sections of the colon: the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon. Colon cancer screening can detect polyps and early cancers in the large intestine. Dennis Sifris, MD, is an HIV specialist and Medical Director of LifeSense Disease Management. Clinical validation of a novel urine-based metabolomic test for the detection of colonic polyps on Chinese population. However, Medicare and some insurance companies currently do not pay for the costs of virtual colonoscopy. Parts of the colon. One new approach to colorectal cancer screening is to look for cells released by colorectal polyps and tumors into the bloodstream (21). When colorectal cancer is found and treated early, the chances of successful treatment are better. Also shown are the small intestine, the cecum, and the rectum. The other screening tests include flexible sigmoidoscopy, double-contrast barium enema, computed tomographic (CT) colongraphy (virtual colonoscopy), guaiac-based fecal occult blood test (gFOBT), fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and multitarget stool DNA screening … USPSTF recommends that screening continue to age 75; for those aged 75–85 years, the decision to screen is based on the patient’s life expectancy, health status, comorbid conditions, and prior screening results. gFOBT uses a chemical to detect heme, a component of the blood protein hemoglobin. Colon Cancer Screening: Tests and Recommendations Current Guidance From the CDC and US Preventive Services Task Force. James Myhre is an American journalist and HIV educator. If you're not sure which colon cancer screening test is best for you, ask yourself these questions. These tests most often include a colonoscopy if it has not already been done, such as in the case of stool blood testing. People should check with their health insurance provider to determine their colorectal cancer screening coverage and what their out-of-pocket expenses may be if the test finds an abnormality that needs to be followed up. Ansa BE, Coughlin SS, Alema-Mensah E, Smith SA. Ouyang DL, Chen JJ, Getzenberg RH, Schoen RE. Qaseem A, Crandall CJ, Mustafa RA, et al. Screening colonoscopy in the US: Attitudes and practices of primary care physicians. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018; 7(2):22. If your doctor has recommended colon cancer screening, you might be able to choose from various colon cancer screening tests. Specific information about Medicare benefits for colorectal cancer screening is … Does health insurance pay for colorectal cancer screening? Segnan N, Armaroli P, Bonelli L, et al. With something this affordable and accessible, medical practitioners are hoping to see a consistent drop in mortality rates caused by colon cancer. hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome). If you would like to reproduce some or all of this content, see Reuse of NCI Information for guidance about copyright and permissions. What methods are used to screen people for colorectal cancer? By Mayo Clinic Staff. Fecal DNA versus fecal occult blood for colorectal-cancer screening in an average-risk population. This method is currently approved for patients with an incomplete colonoscopy and for detection of colon polyps in patients with evidence of lower GI bleeding but not as a stand-alone screening test. Colorectal cancer almost always develops from precancerous polyps (abnormal growths) in the colon or rectum.Screening tests can find precancerous polyps, so that they can be removed before they turn into cancer. 40 years of change in age- and stage-specific cancer incidence rates in US women and men. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Colorectal cancer statistics, 2020. Want to use this content on your website or other digital platform? Most insurance plans and Medicare help pay for colorectal cancer screening for people who are 50 years old or older. (When a person has symptoms, diagnostic tests are used to find out the cause of the symptoms.) In fact, one in 20 people will develop colon cancer during their lifetime. Find out more about colorectal cancer screening. Screening for colorectal cancer in asymptomatic average-risk adults: A guidance statement from the American College of Physicians. Holme Ø, Løberg M, Kalager M, et al. However, you may need to be tested earlier than 50, or more often than other people, if—, If you think you are at increased risk for colorectal cancer, speak with your doctor about—. If an abnormality is found during a standard colonoscopy, a biopsy or polypectomy may be performed during the test to determine whether cancer is present. FIT-DNA detects hemoglobin, along with certain DNA biomarkers. Colon cancer screening kits can have an accuracy rate of up to 92% with only a 5% chance of false-positives. The American Cancer Society recommends that people who do not have an increased risk of colon cancer start regular screening at age 45. These so-called circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are rare, however. If you think you may be at increased risk for colorectal cancer, learn your family health history and ask your doctor if you should begin screening before age 50. There are no restrictions prior to using this screening method and sample collection doesn’t require you to send actual stool back to the lab. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. Deng L, Ismond K, Liu Z, et al. Make Appointment OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK (718) 332-0600 Getting regular checkups and colon cancer screening is the best way to prevent colorectal cancer. Kehm RD, Yang W, Tehranifar P, Terry MB. A screening test is used to look for a disease when a person doesn’t have symptoms. Mead R, Duku M, Bhandari P, Cree IA. Cancer 2019; 125(21):3828–3835. Atkin WS, Edwards R, Kralj-Hans I, et al. Our syndication services page shows you how. The current guidelines suggest using a faecal occult blood test (FOBT), which aims to identify microscopic blood in the stool, as the first-line screening test to detect CRC. the cost of the test and the availability of insurance coverage, Follow-up colonoscopy will likely be needed if test is positive, Abnormal tissue can be removed during exam, Very small risk of tearing or perforation of the lining of the colon, Small risk of tearing or perforation of the lining of the colon, Not widely available and may not be covered by insurance, Can find abnormalities outside the colon that may need follow-up. The DNA comes from cells in the lining of the colon and rectum that are shed and collect in stool as it passes through the large intestine and rectum. Zapka J, Klabunde CN, Taplin S, et al. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology 2019; 10(10):e00088. Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: A multicentre randomised controlled trial. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Talk about your options with your doctor, and together you can decide which tests are appropriate for you. The guaiac-based fecal occult blood … But people with an increased risk, such as those with a family history of colon cancer, should consider screening sooner.Several screening options exist — each with its own benefits and drawbacks. Although some details of the recommendations vary, most groups generally recommend that people at average risk of colorectal cancer get screened at regular intervals beginning at age 50 (5, 9), although the American Cancer Society recommends that routine screening begin at age 45 (19). Colon Cancer Screening Should Start Earlier, at Age 45, U.S. Panel Says The draft recommendation acknowledges a trend of higher rates of colon and rectal cancer in generations born since 1950. Some groups recommend starting earlier, at age 45. INTRODUCTION. Colon cancer screening is an important part of routine health care. Antibody conjugated supported lipid bilayer for capturing and purification of viable tumor cells in blood for subsequent cell culture. What happens if a colorectal cancer screening test finds an abnormality? Once-only sigmoidoscopy in colorectal cancer screening: Follow-up findings of the Italian Randomized Controlled Trial--SCORE. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States after lung cancer. For example, patients with FAP should have annual flexible sigmoidoscopies starting at age 12, patients with AFAP should have annual colonoscopies starting at age 25, and patients with HNPCC should have colonoscopies beginning at age 25 (or 10 years younger … That's why the National Cancer Institute and the American Cancer Society … Colon cancer screening. Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). Abdominal Imaging 2013; 38(1):82–97. Learn about our editorial process. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2018; 68(4):250–281. 3 Recent epidemiological … Medicare covers several colorectal cancer screening tests for its beneficiaries. Your biggest risk for colon cancer is simply getting older, since the disease becomes more common with each decade after age 50. The Task Force recommends several colorectal cancer screening strategies, including stool tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy). 2 It is estimated that 10.5% of new colorectal cancer cases occur in persons younger than age 50 years. Raised polyps may be attached to the inner surface of the colon or rectum with a stalk (pedunculated polyps), or they may grow along the surface without a stalk (sessile polyps). If the first degree relative is <60, or there are two or more first degree relatives with colorectal cancer or advanced colorectal polyps at any age, colonoscopy should be used, and screening repeated at five-year … Colorectal cancer screening is a preventive service that the Health Insurance Marketplace and many other health plans are required to cover. Check with your insurance plan to find out what benefits are covered for colorectal cancer screening. Rates of new colorectal cancer cases are decreasing among adults aged 50 years or older due to an increase in screening and to changes in some risk factors (for example, a decline in smoking) (1). There are two forms of the test: the guiac-based form (gFOBT) and the immunochemical form (iFOBT). Shapiro JA, Bobo JK, Church TR, et al. Serious problems caused by colonoscopy are rare, but can include tears in the lining of the colon and bleeding. In a proof-of-concept study, this blood-based CTC test was able to distinguish between patients with colorectal adenomas or cancer and people without cancer (23). The cecum, ascending colon, and transverse colon make up the upper, or proximal, colon; the descending colon and sigmoid colon make up the lower, or distal, colon. You or a close relative have had colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer. Different tests have different advantages and disadvantages, and people should talk with their health care provider about which test is best for them. … The Task Force recommends that adults age 76 to 85 ask their doctor if they should be screened. Why Commemorate 50 Years of the National Cancer Act? The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing worldwide. Talk to your doctor about which test is right for you. This can be done either with a sensitive test that looks for signs of cancer in a person’s stool (a stool-based test), or with an exam that looks at the colon and rectum (a visual exam). These options are listed below. Cleansing of the colon is still necessary before this test. However, Medicare and some insurance companies currently do not pay for the costs of virtual colonoscopy. Colorectal cancer usually starts from polyps or other precancerous growths in the rectum or the colon (large intestine). CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2020; 70(3):145–164. If an abnormality is detected during virtual colonoscopy, the patient will be referred for a standard colonoscopy. It is recommended that people at average risk get screened with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) every 2 years. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening beginning at age 50. Doctors recommend that people with an average risk of colon cancer consider colon cancer screening around age 50. Colorectal cancer screening is a preventive service that the Health Insurance Marketplace and many other health plans are required to cover. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. BMJ 2014; 348:g2467. James Myhre & Dennis Sifris, MD. Most people should begin screening for colorectal cancer soon after turning 50, then continue getting screened at regular intervals. Brenner H, Stock C, Hoffmeister M. Effect of screening sigmoidoscopy and screening colonoscopy on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. Schoen RE, Pinsky PF, Weissfeld JL, et al. TTY users should call 1 (877) 486-2048. This type of screening can find problems that can be treated before cancer develops or spreads. In a clinical study, a metabolomic-based urine test was better able to identify patients with adenomas than stool-based tests (26). An individual's decision about which test to have may depend on: The table below summarizes key features of the different colorectal screening tests that people may want to consider when choosing a test. The gFOBT identifies haemoglobin in the stool through a peroxidase reaction of the haem component of haemoglobin.5 Importantly, this reaction is not limited just to human haem, and can be positive following the ingestion … However, incidence is increasing among younger adults (1–3) for reasons that are not known. Most colorectal cancers are due to old age and lifestyle factors, with only a small number of cases due to underlying genetic disorders. Urinary metabolomics to identify a unique biomarker panel for detecting colorectal cancer: A multicenter study. Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is the process of detecting early-stage CRCs and precancerous lesions in asymptomatic people with no prior history of cancer or precancerous lesions. You merely need to brush the stool after using the bathroom and place small amounts of the water surrounding it on a card—which is … A … James Myhre & Dennis Sifris, MD. Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of non-skin cancer in both men (after prostate cancer and lung cancer) and women (after breast cancer and lung cancer). Accuracy of screening for fecal occult blood on a single stool sample obtained by digital rectal examination: A comparison with recommended sampling practice. Journal of Medical Screening 2007; 14(3):132–137. US Preventive Services Task Force, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, et al. Evaluation of colorectal cancer incidence trends in the United States (2000–2014). Pickhardt PJ. That is, colorectal cancer screening may be a form of cancer prevention in addition to early detection. (They … A comparison of fecal immunochemical and high-sensitivity guaiac tests for colorectal cancer screening. The U.S. Multi-Society Task Force of Colorectal Cancer (MSTF) is a panel of expert gastroenterologists representing the American College of Gastroenterology, the American Gastroenterological Association, and the … Before the test: Some foods or drugs can affect the results of this test, so you may be instructed to avoid the following before this test: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve), or aspirin, for 7 days before testing. Some of the major reasons for testing for colon cancer at home include cost, convenience, and privacy. Colorectal cancer almost always develops from precancerous polyps (abnormal growths) in the colon or rectum. Effect of flexible sigmoidoscopy screening on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: A randomized clinical trial. Regular screenings may reduce the risk for death and complications caused by colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer screening tests saves lives This early detection may prevent polyps from … … Annals of Internal Medicine 2019; 171(9):643–654. What new tests are being developed for colorectal cancer screening? Cancer Care Ontario does not recommend using FIT for reasons other than colorectal cancer screening (e.g., FIT is not recommended for diagnostic use or point-of-care testing). Familial CRC is a result of interactions among genetic and lifestyle factors; the amount of increased risk varies widely depending on specifics of the family history [].For a small proportion of people, genetic predisposition is the dominant risk factor. Colorectal polyps are common in people older than 50 years of age, and most do not become cancer. Some tests that detect adenomas and polyps can prevent the development of cancer because these tests allow growths that might otherwise become cancer to be detected and removed. CRC has high mortality when detected at advanced stages, yet it is also highly preventable. JAMA 2016; 315(23):2564–2575. Researchers have developed an ultrasensitive antibody-linked CTC detection technology to capture colorectal epithelial cells associated with colorectal tumors and adenomas in blood samples (22). The Everlywell FIT Colon Cancer Screening Test is a convenient, non-invasive screening option you can use from the comfort of home. People who are in good health with a life expectancy of more than 10 years should continue regular colorectal cancer screening through the … For more information about Medicare coverage, visit www.medicare.govexternal icon or call 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227). What do colorectal cancer screening guidelines say about who should have colorectal cancer screening? Collins JF, Lieberman DA, Durbin TE, Weiss DG; Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study #380 Group. Because the gFOBT can also detect heme in some foods (for example, red meat), people must avoid certain foods before having this test. Screening tests can find precancerous polyps, so that they can be removed before they turn into cancer. If you're reluctant to make a decision, remember that any discomfort or … However, a certain type of polyp known as an adenoma is more likely to become a cancer. Several screening tests have been developed to help doctors find colorectal cancer before symptoms begin, when it may be more treatable. Regular screening, beginning at age 50, is the key to preventing colorectal cancer and finding it early. The pictures are then viewed on a computer by the doctor to check for signs of disease. The camera takes pictures of the inside of the digestive tract and sends them to a small recorder that is worn on the patient’s waist or shoulder. Fecal-based testing has a low sensitivity for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer in people with symptoms, [1] Reference 1 Close reference Farag A, Barkun AN, Martel M. The Utility of Fecal Occult Blood Testing for Clinical … Elmunzer BJ, Hayward RA, Schoenfeld PS, et al. A screening test is used to look for a disease when a person doesn’t have symptoms. These problems can be serious and need to be treated in a hospital. Annals of Internal Medicine 2005; 142(2):81–85. Sedation is used to decrease the … By. The Task Force outlines the following colorectal cancer screening strategies. You may also contact NCI’s Cancer Information Service at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) for assistance with searching the clinical trials database. A colonoscopy to follow up on a screening test with a positive result, such as an abnormal stool test or even a lesion detected on a screening colonoscopy, is considered to be a diagnostic exam and may not be covered (or not covered as fully as a screening colonoscopy). "Screening for colorectal cancer is one of the most important preventive services that clinicians can offer, and we know that not everyone who should be screened is, in fact, screened," he said. Researchers have also identified small molecules, called metabolites, in urine that may signal the presence of colorectal polyps and tumors (24, 25). Biomaterials 2013; 34(21):5191–5199. If a screening test finds an abnormality (a lesion or tumor), additional tests may be needed. 2020 Jan;158(2):418-432. doi: … The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) considers the following methods to be acceptable screening tests for colorectal cancer: Expert medical groups, including the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (5), strongly recommend screening for colorectal cancer. If gFOBT is chosen for colorectal screening, the American Cancer Society recommends the highly sensitive versions of this test be used. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Every year to every 3 years, depending on the test, Yes (less extensive than for colonoscopy), Every 5 to 10 years, possibly with more frequent FIT. A strong family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, such as cancer or polyps in a first-degree relative younger than 60 or in 2 first-degree relatives of any age. Lesions may appear as raised polyps, or, less commonly, they may appear flat or slightly indented. Saving Lives, Protecting People. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2011; 103(17):1310–1322. The following colorectal cancer screening tests have risks: Colonoscopy. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2019; 28(8):1283–1291. Colorectal cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells in the colon or rectum divide uncontrollably, ultimately forming a malignant tumor. Circulating tumour markers can define patients with normal colons, benign polyps, and cancers. Tsai WS, You JF, Hung HY, et al. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. New England Journal of Medicine 2012; 366(25):2345–2357. New England Journal of Medicine 2004; 351(26):2704–2714. If you are 50 to 74 years old and not at high risk for colorectal cancer, have a stool test every 2 years. Screening is the best way of finding colorectal cancer early. How can people and their health care providers decide which colorectal cancer screening test(s) to use? ColorectalCancerGuidelines ColorectalCancerGuidelines AGA Pocket Guides AGA Clinical Guidelines App Patient info: colorectal cancer Patient info: colonoscopy Advocacy: patient cost sharing for screening colonoscopy AGA statement: the integrity of AGA’s clinical guideline process New Management Strategies for Malignant Colorectal Polyps US Multi-Society Task Force Recommendation for new … Missed lesions at CT colonography: Lessons learned. Screening saves lives. However, colon cancer incidence and mortality is declining over the past decade owing to adoption of effective screening programs. JAMA 2014; 312(6):606–615. Given the difficulties in implementing major lifestyle changes or widespread primary prevention strategies to decrease CRC risk, screening is … Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening Gastroenterology. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Signs and symptoms may include blood in the stool, a change in bowel movements, weight loss, and fatigue.. One technique is capsule colonoscopy (also called capsule endoscopy), in which a person swallows a pill-like capsule that contains a tiny wireless camera. Development and validation of a highly sensitive urine-based test to identify patients with colonic adenomatous polyps. Virostko J, Capasso A, Yankeelov TE, Goodgame B. British Journal of Cancer 2011; 105(2):239–245. FIT uses antibodies to detect hemoglobin protein specifically (. The major risk factors for colorectal cancer are older age and having certain inherited conditions (such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis), but several other factors have also been associated with increased risk, including a family history of the disease, excessive alcohol use, obesity, being physically inactive, cigarette smoking, and, possibly, diet. Novel circulating tumor cell assay for detection of colorectal adenomas and cancer. Even though colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States, about a quarter of people ages 50 to 70 have never been screened. In addition, people with a history of inflammatory bowel disease (such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn disease) have a higher risk of colorectal cancer than people without such conditions. (The colon and rectum are parts of the body’s digestive system, which takes up nutrients from food and water and stores solid waste until it passes out of the body.). Medicare covers several colorectal cancer screening tests for its beneficiaries. Most colorectal cancers begin as a growth, or lesion, in the tissue that lines the inner surface of the colon or rectum. Therefore, to prevent colon cancers in patients with hereditary colon cancer syndromes, colon screening must begin early. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2017; 112(11):1728–1735. The cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal make up the large intestine. Noninvasive testing for colorectal cancer: A review. Some insurers consider a screening colonoscopy that reveals a polyp that must be removed to be a diagnostic exam and charge accordingly. Colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality with screening flexible sigmoidoscopy. In 2020, an estimated 147,950 people in the United States will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 53,200 people will die from it (1). This information is based on the document: Colorectal cancer screening: Recommendations for physicians and patients from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, July 2017 *The American Cancer Society recommends screening beginning at age 45 for people at average risk for CRC. Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Colorectal Cancer Screening Continuing Education, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendsexternal icon that adults age 50 to 75 be screened for colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death for both men and women, with an estimated 53,200 persons dying from colorectal cancer in the United States in 2020. Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society. The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends people begin screening tests at age 45. Learn about these screening tests. Although the percentage increases were higher in the younger age groups than the older age groups, fewer colorectal cancers were still diagnosed in younger people than older people (for example, for 2000–2014, 22.5 colorectal cancers were diagnosed per 100,000 people aged 40–49 years, compared with 128.6 colorectal cancers diagnosed per 100,000 people aged 60–69 years). … A family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) can increase the risk that an individual will develop CRC over a lifetime. Wolf AMD, Fontham ETH, Church TR, et al. PLoS Medicine 2012; 9(12):e1001352. Wang H, Tso V, Wong C, Sadowski D, Fedorak RN. Wu JC, Tseng PY, Tsai WS, et al. Imperiale TF, Ransohoff DF, Itzkowitz SH, et al. A Word From Verywell .